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Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de... 2022
Topics: Brain; Brain Abscess; Headache; Humans; Toxoplasma
PubMed: 35976337
DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0212-2022 -
Medicine Jan 2022Klebsiella pneumoniae is once thought to be a less common cause of brain abscess in adults and is mainly hospital-acquired. Community-acquired CNS infection (brain...
INTRODUCTION
Klebsiella pneumoniae is once thought to be a less common cause of brain abscess in adults and is mainly hospital-acquired. Community-acquired CNS infection (brain abscess and meningitis) caused by K pneumoniae without other metastatic septic abscesses is exceedingly rare. Therefore, we present a rare adult patient with invasive cerebral abscess and meningitis without other invasive abscesses related to K pneumoniae.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 64-year-old woman experienced a sudden onset of severe continuous headache accompanied by intermittent nausea, vomiting, and fever. Meanwhile, she experienced tinnitus and had a feeling of swelling in the right ear.
DIAGNOSIS
Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal hyperintensity signals in the left head of the caudate nucleus. The next generation sequencing of cerebral spinal fluid showed infection with K pneumoniae. The patient was diagnosed with K pneumoniae-related brain abscesses and meningitis.
INTERVENTIONS
Antibacterial treatment was carried out for 2 months.
OUTCOMES
The patient recovered well.
CONCLUSION
Despite the progress of modern neurosurgical techniques, new antibiotics, and modern imaging techniques, brain abscesses are still a potentially fatal infection. Streptococci are common organisms that result in brain abscesses. Nevertheless, Klebsiella species, once thought to be a less common cause of brain abscess in adults, has become an increasingly important cause of brain abscess, especially in Asia.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Community-Acquired Infections; Female; Humans; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Meningitis; Middle Aged
PubMed: 35029179
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028415 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Sep 2023Early switch to oral antimicrobials has been suggested as a treatment strategy in patients with brain abscess, but the practice is controversial. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Early switch to oral antimicrobials has been suggested as a treatment strategy in patients with brain abscess, but the practice is controversial.
OBJECTIVES
This review aimed to summarize the background, current evidence, and future perspectives for early transition to oral antimicrobials in patients with brain abscess.
SOURCES
The review was based upon a previous systematic review carried out during the development of the ESCMID guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of brain abscess. The search used 'brain abscess' or 'cerebral abscess' as text or MESH terms in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Studies included in the review were required to be published in the English language within the last 25 years and to have a study population of ≥10 patients. Other studies known by the authors were also included.
CONTENT
In this review, the background for some experts to suggest early transition to oral antimicrobials in patients with mild and uncomplicated brain abscess was clarified. Next, results from observational studies were summarized and limitations discussed. Indirect support for early oral treatment of brain abscess was described with reference to other serious central nervous system infections and general pharmacological considerations. Finally, variations within and between countries in the use of early transition to oral antimicrobials in patients with brain abscess were highlighted.
IMPLICATIONS
Early transition to oral antimicrobials in patients with uncomplicated brain abscess may be of benefit for patients due to convenience of treatment and potential decreased risks associated with prolonged hospitalization and intravenous lines. The strategy may also confer a more rational allocation of healthcare resources and decrease expenses. However, the benefit/risk ratio for this strategy remains unresolved at present.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Infective Agents; Brain Abscess; Administration, Intravenous; Brain
PubMed: 37119987
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.04.026 -
Swiss Dental Journal 2016Background Nonsurgical periodontal treatment implicates bacteraemia. In rare cases oral pathogens can be found associated with abscesses of brain or liver Case...
Background Nonsurgical periodontal treatment implicates bacteraemia. In rare cases oral pathogens can be found associated with abscesses of brain or liver Case Description A brain abscess was found in a patient after several periodontal treatments causing neurological seizures. In the drain masses of Fusobacterium nucleatum were found. An oral examination revealed a severe periodontally damaged dentition. The woman had been in a generally healthy condition before the event. After neurosurgical treatment and intravenous antibiotic therapy the patient fully recovered. In order to eradicate any possible focus of inflammation, several teeth had to be extracted. Clinical Implications This case report implicates that also patients without particular need for antibiotic prophylaxis can be at risk of developing a brain abscess caused by bacteraemia after periodontal treatments.
Topics: Brain Abscess; Combined Modality Therapy; Craniotomy; Dental Scaling; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fusobacterium Infections; Fusobacterium nucleatum; General Practice; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; Retreatment; Root Canal Therapy
PubMed: 27808349
DOI: No ID Found -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... Dec 2020Brainstem abscess is a rare condition accounting for merely 1% of brain abscesses incidence in the pediatric population. This study aimed to present a single patient... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Brainstem abscess is a rare condition accounting for merely 1% of brain abscesses incidence in the pediatric population. This study aimed to present a single patient with a pontine abscess and review the literature to highlight clinical features, diagnosis, and management of brainstem abscess.
METHODS
The PubMed database was screened for English-language articles concerning pediatric brainstem abscess. We, therefore, identified 22 publications, which concisely depict 23 cases. Our study reports on the 24th pediatric patient diagnosed with that entity. All included reports were analyzed in terms of clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of described patients.
RESULTS
There was slight women predominance (15:9), with a mean age of occurrence 6.4 years, ranging from 7 months to 16 years. Pons was the most common location of brainstem abscess, occurring in 75% of patients. Clinically, they mostly presented with cranial nerves palsy (79.2%), hemiparesis (66.7%), and pyramidal signs (45.8%). The classic triad of symptoms, including fever, headache, and the focal neurologic deficit was present in 20.8% of patients. Positive pus cultures were obtained in 61.1%. Streptococci and Staphylococci were the most frequently identified pus microorganisms. Outcomes were satisfactory, with a 79.2% rate of general improvement.
CONCLUSIONS
Neurosurgical aspiration is a safe and beneficial therapeutic method. It should always be considered and should promptly be performed when the conservative treatment is not successful and clinical deterioration occurs. Prognosis in pediatric brainstem abscess is generally favorable. Most patients recover with minor neurologic deficits or improve completely.
Topics: Brain Abscess; Child; Female; Humans; Pons
PubMed: 32734403
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04835-9 -
Medicine Dec 2023The objective of this study is to investigate and understand the characteristics of odontogenic brain abscess. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study is to investigate and understand the characteristics of odontogenic brain abscess.
METHODS
A case of brain abscess suspected to be caused by odontogenic infection was documented, and a comprehensive analysis and summary of odontogenic brain abscess cases reported in various countries over the past 20 years was conducted.
RESULTS
Based on the analysis and synthesis of both the present and previous reports, we have examined and consolidated the distinctive features of odontogenic brain abscess, the potential transmission pathway of pathogenic bacteria, diagnostic assertions, verification techniques, and crucial considerations during treatment.
CONCLUSION
This investigation contributes to an enhanced comprehension and improved clinical identification of odontogenic brain abscess.
Topics: Humans; Brain Abscess; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 38050225
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036248 -
The Western Journal of Medicine Sep 1974
Review
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Autopsy; Brain Abscess; Carotid Artery, Internal; Child; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Craniotomy; Ear Diseases; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Septal Defects; Humans; Infant; Male; Mastoiditis; Middle Aged; Pseudotumor Cerebri; Radiography; Respiratory Tract Infections; Skull
PubMed: 4606285
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicine Aug 2021Listeria monocytogenes infective encephalitis is a rare phenomenon, which is more common in people with changed eating habits and immunodeficiency. To the best of our...
RATIONALE
Listeria monocytogenes infective encephalitis is a rare phenomenon, which is more common in people with changed eating habits and immunodeficiency. To the best of our knowledge, listeria brain abscess is even more rare. In this case report, we summarized the clinical characteristics of listeria brain abscess, in order to explore the diagnosis and treatment of Listeria brain abscess, and raise awareness and attention to the disease.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 64-years-old female patient presented to our institution with 4 days of right arm and leg weakness, the salient past history of the patient was nephrotic syndrome, membranous nephropathy diagnosed 6 months prior, for which she was prescribed glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide.
DIAGNOSIS
Listeria monocytogenes was cultured in the blood of the patient. Comprehensive medical history and imaging features, she was diagnosed as listeria brain abscess.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient underwent ampicillin combined with meropenem but not surgery.
OUTCOMES
The patient recovered without complications. At a 3-month follow-up visit, the condition was better than that before treatment.
LESSONS
Listeria brain abscess is an unusual form of listeriosis, its clinical manifestations lack specificity. Early accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment can effectively promote the recovery of neurological function as well as reduce the morbidity and mortality and improve the prognosis.
Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Listeria monocytogenes; Meropenem; Middle Aged; Neuroimaging; Neurologic Examination; Paresis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34397853
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026839 -
Laeknabladid Jan 2013Brain abscess is a life threatening illness, demanding rapid diagnosis and treatment. Its development requires seeding of an organism into the brain parenchyma, often in... (Review)
Review
Brain abscess is a life threatening illness, demanding rapid diagnosis and treatment. Its development requires seeding of an organism into the brain parenchyma, often in an area of damaged brain tissue or in a region with poor microcirculation. The lesion evolves from a cerebritis stage to capsule formation. Brain abscesses can be caused by contiguous or haematogenous spread of an infection, or by head trauma/ neurosurgical procedure. The most common presentation is that of headache and vomiting due to raised intracranial pressure. Seizures have been reported in up to 50% of cases. Focal neurological deficits may be present, depending on the location of the lesion. Treatment of a brain abscess involves aspiration or excision, along with parenteral antibiotic therapy. The outcome has improved dramatically in the last decades due to improvement in diagnostic techniques, neurosurgery, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The authors provide an overview of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of brain abscesses.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neurosurgical Procedures; Predictive Value of Tests; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23341403
DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2013.01.478 -
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics 2019This is the first case of an angiosarcoma patient with brain abscess, and it might be responsible for skin defect and cranial bone necrosis by surgical excision and...
This is the first case of an angiosarcoma patient with brain abscess, and it might be responsible for skin defect and cranial bone necrosis by surgical excision and radiation. Our patient was treated with 10 courses of triweekly paclitaxel therapy, radical radiotherapy (70 Gy), and surgical excision (2 cm margin apart from a lesion) for angiosarcoma. At two years after the operation he was diagnosed as brain abscess. Brain abscess was managed with antibiotic drugs and drainage, his clinical symptoms improved by these treatments. He achieves replace free survival without the exacerbation of angiosarcoma and brain abscess for three years.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Brain Abscess; Brain Neoplasms; Disease-Free Survival; Drainage; Firmicutes; Hemangiosarcoma; Humans; Male; Neurosurgical Procedures; Radiotherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31327792
DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2019.01042